Hereditary Cancer Syndromes > BRCA2
CANCER
GENETIC CANCER RISK
Female Breast
High Risk
Male Breast
High Risk
Ovarian
High Risk
Pancreatic
High Risk
Prostate
High Risk
Melanoma
Elevated Risk
CANCER TYPE
AGE RANGE
CANCER RISK
RISK FOR GENERAL POPULATION
Female Breast
To age 50
23%-35%
2.0%
To age 70
43%-84%
7.4%
Second primary within 5 years of first breast cancer diagnosis
3.9%-12%
2%
Ovarian
To age 50
0.4%-4%
0.2%
To age 70
15%-27%
0.6%
Ovarian cancer within 10 years of a breast cancer diagnosis
6.8%
<1.0%
Pancreatic
To age 80
7%, or higher if there is a family history of pancreatic cancer.
1.1%
Male Breast
To age 70
6.8%
<0.1%
Prostate
To age 70
20%
6.1%
Melanoma
To age 80
Elevated risk for melanomas of both the skin and eye.
1.7%
CANCER TYPE
PROCEDURE
AGE TO BEGIN
FREQUENCY
Female Breast
Breast awareness – Women should be familiar with their breasts and promptly report changes to their healthcare provider. Periodic, consistent breast self-examination (BSE) may facilitate breast awareness.
18 years
NA
Clinical breast examination
25 years
Every 6 to 12 months
Breast MRI with contrast and/or Mammography with consideration of tomosynthesis
Age 25 for MRI or if MRI is unavailable, mammography with consideration of tomosynthesis. Age 30 for both MRI and mammography. Individualize to a younger age if a relative has been diagnosed younger than age 30.
Annually
Consider investigational screening studies within clinical trials.
Individualized
NA
Consider risk-reducing mastectomy
Individualized
NA
Consider options for breast cancer risk reduction agents (i.e. tamoxifen)
Individualized
NA
Ovarian
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
35 to 45 years, upon completion of childbearing
NA
Consider transvaginal ultrasound and CA-125 measurement. Consider investigational screening studies within clinical trials.
30 to 35 years
Individualized
Consider options for ovarian cancer risk-reduction agents (i.e. oral contraceptives).
Individualized
NA
Pancreatic
For patients with a family history of pancreatic cancer, consider available options for pancreatic cancer screening, including the possibility of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and MRI/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). It is recommended that patients who are candidates for pancreatic cancer screening be managed by a multidisciplinary team with experience in screening for pancreatic cancer, preferably within research protocols.
Age 50, or 10 years younger than the earliest age of pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the family
Annually
Provide education about ways to reduce pancreatic cancer risk, such as not smoking and losing weight.
Individualized
Individualized
Male Breast
Breast self-examination
35 years
Monthly
Clinical breast examination
35 years
Annually
Consider mammography in men with gynecomastia (enlarged breasts)2
50 years, or 10 years earlier than the youngest male breast cancer diagnosis in the family
Annually
Prostate
Recommend prostate cancer screening.
40 years, or 10 years younger than the earliest prostate cancer diagnosis in the family
Annually, or adjusted based on results from first PSA screen
Since mutation carriers are at an increased risk for more aggressive prostate cancer this information may be included as part of the risk and benefit discussion about prostate cancer screening.
NA
NA
Since mutation carriers are at an increased risk for more aggressive prostate cancer this information may be considered when choosing management options for men with a diagnosis of prostate cancer.
NA
NA
Melanoma
Whole-body skin and eye examinations, and education about minimizing exposure to UV radiation.
Individualized
Annually
For Patients With A Cancer Diagnosis
For patients with a gene mutation and a diagnosis of cancer, targeted therapies may be available as a treatment option for certain tumor types (e.g., platinum chemotherapy, PARP-inhibitors)
NA
NA